As far as I’m concerned, there’s no greater loss to music than the suicide of Ian Curtis at the age of 23.  There’s no one I’d rather bring back for a couple decades of recording than him.  That’s because the heights reached by him and his band, Joy Division, in their brief existence, are both nearly unmatched by anyone else and also infinitely frustrating for their potential.  Joy Division occupies the second spot on my artist pantheon, trailing only U2, but Bono’s group has the advantage of more material; pound for pound, Joy Division’s sound is the most compelling I’ve ever heard.  To try to imagine if they could have improved over time, as bands often do—my favorite U2 album is their seventh—almost makes my mind hurt.

Lead singer Curtis and his three band mates—Bernard Sumner on guitar, Peter Hook on bass, and Stephen Morris on drums—created the most exquisite, heartbreakingly beautiful music in rock history, all with just two albums and a few singles.  The depths of emotion explored, and the intricacy of the music and production, place them on a level entirely their own.  They grew out of punk (inspired especially by a Sex Pistols concert) but ended up sounding nothing like it—nothing like anything, really.  Working with revolutionary producer Martin Hannett, they slowly and painstakingly brought forth, as Rolling Stone wrote, “as dramatic and severe a rethink of rock’s aesthetic parameters as has ever been envisioned.”

Song for song, debut album Unknown Pleasures evokes similar feelings as watching Sean Penn act—you just feel that the artist inhabits a different level than everyone else.  The immensely talented Hannett amalgamated the individual musical components—Sumner’s icy sheets of guitar; Hook’s high-end, melodic bass; and Morris’s crisp drumming—into a sound so dark and disturbing that it teeters right on the edge of mental insanity.

Hannett added a variety of additional sounds, some musical (keyboards, synthesizers), some not (breaking glass, a creaky elevator rising) to the songs, which faded in slowly, reluctantly, with the pain of despair.  And then they exploded, like someone trying, and failing, to not lose his mind.  Hannett’s production, despite all the elements, allowed the music incredible breathing room, making it sound as though you were staring through an endless tunnel.  Opener “Disorder” may be the best demonstration of this: introducing Morris, Hook, and Sumner, in that order, Hannett makes Hook’s independent bass line and that piercing guitar simultaneously sound like it’s inside your head and miles away, the space echoing even when everything crescendos.

The music is perfectly matched by Curtis, whose suicide just before the band’s first American tour makes his lyrics uncovering the scariest feelings of the human heart all the more penetrating and real.  Ravaged by both epilepsy and an inability to keep minor flaws from consuming him, he inspires little doubt about whether he felt everything that he sang about.  A line from a song off their second album accurately describes his vision: “We knocked on the doors of Hell’s darker chambers / Pushed to the limit, we dragged ourselves in.”  But Curtis explored such despair and resignation with an intelligence and humanity virtually unmatched in music.  He wasn’t just blandly depressed; he was bewildered and intrigued by the vagaries of the human heart, disappointed in his own hypocrisy and failings, and despite it all, hopeful—hopeful for connections that he never found, for the ability to feel something that would get his heart racing.  And he turned his own failings into world-class tragedies, which is probably why he couldn’t stand to carry on.  “New Dawn Fades,” “Shadowplay,” “and I Remember Nothing” are some of the most heart-wrenching depictions of failed connections anyone’s ever sung about.

On “New Dawn Fades,” Hook’s bass comes in like the shadow of someone walking away in slow motion, before Hannett places Sumner’s guitar thick and pervasive on top.  The song unfolds with utterly perfect timing and tension/release, and Curtis chronicles the attempt to make sense of a relationship that one failed in maintaining: “It was me, seeing me this time / Hoping for something else.”  Likewise, “Shadowplay”—an exercise in precision—pairs a vicious guitar with Curtis’s morbid analogies about failed relationships.  These all should be too hard to take, really, but they’re just too well-done to turn away from.

But they will force you to delve into the deepest recesses of your mind.  “Insight,” which uses some of the aforementioned additional sounds to impart tremendous foreboding, fades in with a jolt before Hannett turns up the volume on Hook’s bass line that sounds like a death march.  Curtis sighs, “Guess your dreams always end / They don’t rise up, just descend…I’m not afraid, not at all / I watch them all as they fall / But I remember when we were young.”  On this song, he’s under control, lamenting the loss of innocence, but on the breathtaking climaxes of “Disorder,” “Day of the Lords” and “New Dawn Fades,” he sounds as though he’s about to burst.  The music joins him: the ending of “Shadowplay,” for one, evinces their typically exceptional use of dynamics.

The album closes with just as absorbing and disquieting a note, the funereal “I Remember Nothing,” with Curtis’s vents—“Violent, more violent, his hand cracked the chair / Moves on reaction, then slumps in despair”—fading away into the remembrance of those unusual sounds.

Amazingly, Unknown  Pleasures would have been even better with the inclusion of “Atmosphere,” one of several non-album singles Joy Division released that are captured on the 1988 compilation Substance.  On the best, including “Transmission,” Hannett’s production acquires even more prominence.  And by the time the band wrote “Love Will Tear Us Apart,” Curtis had begun to have an affair with a Belgian journalist following the band.  “Love,” their only real pop song, became their biggest hit, and while it’s not their most musically complicated song, Curtis’s lyrics provide some of the most achingly real depictions of failed love ever set to music: “Did you cry out in your sleep, all my failings exposed? / There’s a taste in my mouth, as desperation takes hold / That something so good just can’t function no more / And love will tear us apart again.”

Curtis’s thoughts were beginning to presage the end, but there was still another album to come.  Closer, the group’s second and final LP, initially doesn’t sound quite so dark as its predecessor.  Lyrically, it’s even heavier, but the songs don’t all sound quite so oppressive, quite so much like you’re standing in an attic wondering what’s around the corner.  “Atrocity Exhibition,” though a mostly failed experiment, breaks free from Unknown Pleasures; and the riveting “Isolation,” namely, is the closest they came to foreshadowing what New Order sounded like.

But as the album progresses, it feels as though we’re walking through the final stages of Curtis’s life, his problems slipping inexorably out of his control and his outlook fading inexorably bleaker.  And the songs are no less devastating than before, once more expertly written, expertly produced.  The fatalistic lamentations make it almost impossible not to wonder whether Curtis knew the end was near.  “This is the crisis I knew had to come / Destroying the balance I’d kept,” he warns on the quietly morbid “Passover.”  And the brilliant gothic undertones of “Heart and Soul” are just a warm-up for the three-song requiem that closes the album.

The astonishing, incomparable “Twenty Four Hours”—the band’s all-time high point—finds Curtis at the end of the line: “Just for one moment, I thought I’d found my way / Destiny unfolded, I watched it slip away,” he intones, before Hook and Morris take off the shackles for a ferociously intense breakthrough designed to knock you out.  The perfect comedown arrives in the presence of the gorgeous yet sepulchral piano that lives inside “The Eternal,” which describes a funeral procession, as though Curtis is watching himself being lowered into the ground.  Finally, “Decades” and its unsettling synths describe him stepping back to view the tragedy, after it’s all over: “Watched from the wings as the scenes were replaying / We saw ourselves now as we never had seen.”

Joy Division had already agreed to not continue on without one of its members, so Curtis’s suicide officially terminated the band.  Yet the remaining members quickly rebounded, adding a keyboardist and renaming themselves New Order.  They spent the next couple decades redefining dance rock, becoming a fixture in clubs and pop charts simultaneously with songs like “Temptation,” “Blue Monday,” the Curtis-penned “Ceremony,” and “Regret.”

Meanwhile, the next generation’s interest in Joy Division has been spurred on by a wave of compilations, reissues (including both albums), and films.  Ian’s wife Deborah wrote a memoir that became the basis for the stately 2007 film Control, a book that reveals fascinating insights about Ian’s thoughts, such as that as a teenager he frequently professed no desire to live past his early 20s.

All told, the band’s aura, mystique, and reputation have only grown in the past 29 years.  Their music lives on in the influence of countless bands, from U2 to The Cure to The Arcade Fire and Franz Ferdinand, and in confused teenagers hearing them for the first time.  Newcomers should eschew the 2008 hack-job “Best of Joy Division” CD and pick up both albums and Substance, which would be worth its cost just for the inclusion of the elegiac duo “Atmosphere” and “Love,” back to back on the disc, which have in a way have become the band’s most definitive songs.

John Peel, host of a famous UK radio show, played the former after announcing Curtis’s death, and Control ended with it as well.  The first time hearing those heavenly chimes added on top of Hook’s supplicating bass is one of those musical moments never forgotten.  And the endlessly covered “Love” has become almost a cliché in and of itself.  Its title was inscribed on Curtis’s tombstone, which is both depressing and appropriate, for it reflects Curtis’s morbid fatalism that probably contributed to his inability to keep living.  He sang on “Heart and Soul” that “I exist on the best terms I can,” and maybe that was true for a while.  But, through some combination of marital strife, unanticipated fame, fear, personal faults, and inadequate coping and defense mechanisms, he couldn’t continue—and although that mindset may be partially responsible for the truth of his music, that fact still haunts us.  By the time of swan song “Decades,” he had it understood, going and “knocking on the doors of Hell’s darker chambers,” the battle complete—and lost.